Jumat, 29 April 2011

General steps to produce language


The process of producing language can be divided into four steps. First is message, where the message that will be presented is processed. Second is functional, where lexical form is identified. Third is positional, where the constituent is formed and affixations are done. Fourth is phonology, where the structure of phonology has been formed.
In first step (message) the speaker collected any information related to the subject. Let see to the example below;
(1)    Egi is watching TV.
Something comes to the speaker mind will be that Egi is a people, this people is a male, he has a television, he is doing a deed, and the deed is watching television.
    In second step (functional), something which is processed in this part is two things. First is choosing lexical which is appropriate with the message that will be delivered, and grammatical information for each lexical. For example is that from many male that the speaker knows, Egi is someone that the speaker aimed, and Egi is the name of this male. The deed which is done is followed by the verb of “watch”, between two arguments Egi and television, Egi is the doer and television is as the recipient.
Second step of functional step is giving function to the words which are chosen (grammatical encoding). This process is related to grammatical and syntactical function. In the example (1) Egi must be related to the function of subject and television as the object.
In third step (positional), the form of lexical is organized for the utterance which will be delivered. This organizing is based on unit of meaning. The word “Egi” is fused by “is watching” not “watching”. It will have no meaning if the word “Egi” is fused by “watching”. If the organizing finished then the relevant affixations is processed (fourth step). The word “watch” is fused by “ing” as inflectional, an affix which has the meaning of continuous event (grammatical encoding).
In forth step (phonological encoding), the result of this process is transferred to phonological step to realize it in utterance form. In this part the phonological rule is applied, such as the phoneme of “watch” should be “wac” not “waj” etc.

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