The Good Characteristics of Statement Problem in Quantitative Research

The Good Characteristics of Statement Problem in Quantitative Research - In the basic terms of quantitative research methodology, a research should have a problem to be observed. The topic also has to be specifically determined. To make it easy in being analyzed, a problem topic is supposed to be operationally stated. Prior to the formulating of the problem, it has to be previously analyzed.

According to Fraenkel and Wallen (1990:20), there are several characteristics of good research problem. Those are:

·         -the problem has a flexibility. The statement of the problem can be easily answered based on the clear problem sources, less fund, energy and time.

·        - the statement problem has a clarity. People can have the same perception related to the problem.

·         -the statement problem has a significance.  The answer of the problem shown should be able to present a contribution to the development of sciences and problem solving in daily life.

The Good Characteristics of Statement Problem in Quantitative Research

In the basic terms of quantitative research methodology, a research should have a problem to be observed. The topic also has to be specifically determined. To make it easy in being analyzed, a problem topic is supposed to be operationally stated. Prior to the formulating of the problem, it has to be previously analyzed.
According to Fraenkel and Wallen (1990:20), there are several characteristics of good research problem.

Those are:
·    . the problem has a flexibility. The statement of the problem can be easily answered based on the clear problem sources, less fund, energy and time.
·    the statement problem has a clarity. People can have the same perception related to the problem.
·    the statement problem has a significance.  The answer of the problem shown should be able to present a contribution to the development of sciences and problem solving in daily life.
·    the statement problem should be ethical. It is in accordance to the moral value or religious beliefs.
Another criterion of good research problem is also explained by Tuctman (1988: 25).
·    there is a relation between two variables or more.
·    the problem is stated in the form of question or another one but it still contains question.
·    statement problem should explain the feasibility of data collection in answering the     questions  of the research problem
·    The statement problem has a solid form.
·    Problem research is based on the fact, phenomenon or events with the theory which is not same as the practice
The theory should be relevant to the problem researched
The theory available is newest one which is appropriate to the area of the problem
·    The research tries to find the answers or an explanation why the problem happens
·    The background of information should be attached to the problem that has been provided. the background of this can be the information from everyone involved  or  the journal, statistic data and the other sources
·    The discussion of the research is aimed at the problem touched and concluded that this research should be done.
·    The variable should be defined clearly based on its status. The variable is divided in many types such as (varibel terikat, kontrol, moderator, and intervensi )

To ensure the problem statements is considerable received, here are clearly indicate why your problem is an important one by answering questions such as these:
·    Is the problem of current interest? Is it topical?
·    Is the problem likely to continue into the future?
·    Will more information about the problem have practical application?
·    Will more information about the problem have theoretical importance?
·    How large is the population affected by the problem?
·    How important, influential, or popular is this population?
·    Would this study substantially revise or extend existing knowledge?
·    Would this study create or improve an instrument of some utility?
·    Would research findings lead to some useful change in best practice?
·    Is there evidence or authoritative opinion from others to support the need for this research?

Problem Statement and The Most Important Aspects

To begin with, that is being the expert. The researchers should have good knowledge in their field.If the subject had been learned deeply, however it will be in the specific skill that the researchers used to be sensitive in their field.  Example: someone with the expertise on a teaching field, he should notice or be critics to the problems happening related to the teaching matters.

 After that, the following point is the academic program. The one who has been experienced in education program, definitely she/he will learn and know more about the academic field.

How to Write Problem Statement Hot News June 2011

    In this step, we look for problem as many as possible. This problem statement is based on primer problem on background problem. The problems which be told in this section are stated in short and simple question sentences

    Problem statement is provided shortly in term of question sentence, whose content shows the problem which need to be solved and answered. Problem statement is the core of research, so that it can be used to consider the arranging of title and hypothesis.

    Problem limitation has very close relation with problem statement. Not all problems can be researched. The restrictiveness of student enables the identified problem cannot be researched all. If you have restrictiveness on time, thought, data and expense, so limit your research problem. It can make you able to speak a lot on that limitation. Another benefit of limiting research problem is that your explanation will be very clear so it will not be difficult to defend it in front of examiner.

Before deciding problems, researcher has to pay attention these things:
·    Problems must be manageable. Don’t research problems which are out of our ability.
·    Problems must be obtainable, easy to find the data and be analyzed.
·    Problems must be significance, important.
·    Problems must be interesting for researcher and other people.

Stating problem is divided into 4:
§    Descriptive problem is problem which doesn’t compare and connect with other variable, only describe the variable. E.g: bagaimana sikap masyarakat terhadap KB mandiri.

§    Associative problem is problem which connects between two variables or more.
Based on the connection, it consists of 3 kinds:

§    Symmetrical connection
The relation between two variables or more which conduct togetherness.
E. g: adakah hubungan antara banyaknya semut di pohon  dengan tingkat manisnya buah.

§    Cause-effect connection
e.g: adakah pengaruh motivasi belajar dan prestasi belajar.

§    Interactive connection
The relation between variable which influence each other.
e. g: adakah hubungan kepandaian dan kekayaan.

§    Comparative problem
 Connection between two variables or more which influence each other. E.g: adakah perbedaaan prestasi belajar antara anak petani dan pegewai negeri

Descriptive Research

Descriptive research does not fit neatly into the definition of either quantitative or qualitative research methodologies, but instead it can utilize elements of both, often within the same study. The term descriptive research refers to the type of research question, design, and data analysis that will be applied to a given topic. Descriptive statistics tell what is, while inferential statistics try to determine cause and effect.

Descriptive research can be either quantitative or qualitative. It can involve collections of quantitative information that can be tabulated along a continuum in numerical form, such as scores on a test or the number of times a person chooses to use a-certain feature of a multimedia program, or it can describe categories of information such as gender or patterns of interaction when using technology in a group situation. Descriptive research involves gathering data that describe events and then organizes, tabulates, depicts, and describes the data collection (Glass & Hopkins, 1984). It often uses visual aids such as graphs and charts to aid the reader in understanding the data distribution. Because the human mind cannot extract the full import of a large mass of raw data, descriptive statistics are very important in reducing the data to manageable form. When in-depth, narrative descriptions of small numbers of cases are involved, the research uses description as a tool to organize data into patterns that emerge during analysis. Those patterns aid the mind in comprehending a qualitative study and its implications.

Three main purposes of research are to describe, explain, and validate findings. Description emerges following creative exploration, and serves to organize the findings in order to fit them with explanations, and then test or validate those explanations (Krathwohl, 1993). Many research studies call for the description of natural or man-made phenomena such as their form, structure, activity, change over time, relation to other phenomena, and so on. The description often illuminates knowledge that we might not otherwise notice or even encounter. Several important scientific discoveries as well as anthropological information about events outside of our common experiences have resulted from making such descriptions. For example, astronomers use their telescopes to develop descriptions of different parts of the universe, anthropologists describe life events of socially atypical situations or cultures uniquely different from our own, and educational researchers describe activities within classrooms concerning the implementation of technology. This process sometimes results in the discovery of stars and stellar events, new knowledge about value systems or practices of other cultures, or even the reality of classroom life as new technologies are implemented within schools.